#Day12 Linux & Git commands Cheat sheet

In this we will discuss all about Linux & Git commands.

Linux:

ls — The most frequently used command in Linux to list directories

pwd — Print working directory command in Linux

cd — Linux command to navigate through directories

mkdir — Command used to create directories in Linux

mv — Move or rename files in Linux

cp — Similar usage as mv but for copying files in Linux

rm — Delete files or directories

touch — Create blank/empty files

ssh — Secure Shell command in Linux

service — Linux command to start and stop services

ln — Create symbolic links (shortcuts) to other files

cat — Display file contents on the terminal

clear — Clear the terminal display

echo — Print any text that follows the command

less — Linux command to display paged outputs in the terminal

ps — Display active processes

kill and killall — Kill active processes by process ID or name

df — Display disk filesystem information

mount — Mount file systems in Linux

chmod — Command to change file permissions

chown — Command for granting ownership of files or folders

ifconfig — Display network interfaces and IP addresses

traceroute — Trace all the network hops to reach the destination

wget — Direct download files from the internet

ufw — Firewall command

iptables — Base firewall for all other firewall utilities to interface with

apt, pacman, yum, rpm — Package managers depending on the distro

sudo — Command to escalate privileges in Linux

cal — View a command-line calendar

alias — Create custom shortcuts for your regularly used commands

dd — Majorly used for creating bootable USB sticks

whereis — Locate the binary, source, and manual pages for a command

whatis — Find what a command is used for

top — View active processes live with their system usage

useradd and usermod — Add new user or change existing users data

passwd — Create or update passwords for existing users

man — Access manual pages for all Linux commands

uname — Linux command to get basic information about the OS

whoami — Get the active username

tar — Command to extract and compress files in Linux

grep — Search for a string within an output

head — Return the specified number of lines from the top

tail — Return the specified number of lines from the bottom

diff — Find the difference between two files

cmp — Allows you to check if two files are identical

comm — Combines the functionality of diff and cmp

sort — Linux command to sort the content of a file while outputting

export — Export environment variables in Linux

zip — Zip files in Linux

unzip — Unzip files in Linux

Git:

STAGE & SNAPSHOT:- Working with snapshots and the Git staging area

git status :- show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit
git add :- add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)
git reset :-unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory
git diff:- diff of what is changed but not staged
git diff — staged:- diff of what is staged but not yet committed
git commit -m “[descriptive message]”:-commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot

SETUP

Configuring user information used across all local repositories

git config — global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history
git config — global user.email “[valid-email]”
set an email address that will be associated with each history marker
git config — global color.ui auto
set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing

BRANCH & MERGE

Isolating work in branches, changing context, and integrating changes

git branch
list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch
git branch [branch-name]
create a new branch at the current commit
git checkout
switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory
git merge [branch]
merge the specified branch’s history into the current one
git log
show all commits in the current branch’s history

SETUP & INIT
Configuring user information, initializing and cloning repositories
git init
initialize an existing directory as a Git repository
git clone [url]
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL